While AI has the capacity to potentially enhance governance by replacing politicians, parties, or even entire parliaments, skepticism remains about the timeline for these transformative changes.

Let's confront the stark reality about democracy: it's in a sorry state globally. Nowadays, "democracy" often conjures thoughts of corruption. Many citizens look at their elected officials and see a bunch of self-serving individuals, more interested in personal gain from bribes and favors than in genuinely representing their constituents. This pervasive disillusionment  has eroded trust in democratic institutions, fostering apathy, disdain for democratic norms, and a dangerous flirtation with authoritarian or populist alternatives promising quick fixes but at the cost of democratic freedoms. In the midst of decades of governance inefficiencies and scandals, some propose a radical solution: replacing humans with Artificial Intelligence. This concept is gaining increasing traction and is actively being explored, particularly in the UK.

Uncovering governance biases

Human bias is pervasive in governments worldwide, and Nepal is no exception. Lawmakers from various political factions have vehemently criticized the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport's budget allocations, alleging blatant favoritism towards the home districts of influential politicians. Members of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party (RPP) took a bold stance by tearing up the budget booklet in protest, shedding light on stark funding disparities. They underscored how certain districts receive disproportionately more resources while neglecting others, drawing support from across political lines. This controversy has placed the finance minister in a precarious position, grappling with accusations of perpetuating neo-feudalism and facing mounting pressure to ensure a more equitable distribution of taxpayers' money.

Advocates for using AI in governance view such controversy as a pivotal moment to advocate reforms that could mitigate human biases and bolster transparency in decision-making processes. Technologists and futurists argue that AI has the potential to streamline efficiency and decision-making, minimize errors, optimize resource allocation, and handle routine tasks, thereby reducing operational costs. Policy innovators see AI as a potent tool for generating innovative solutions through the analysis of vast datasets, uncovering insights that traditional methods often overlook.

AI as a catalyst for global reform

For anti-corruption activists, AI represents a beacon of hope for instilling impartiality and transparency into decision-making processes, mitigating human biases, and bolstering accountability in governance. Globalists envision AI harmonizing policies across borders, potentially fostering international cooperation on intricate global issues. Both groups also anticipate that AI-driven decision-making will transcend human subjectivity, appealing to skeptics of traditional judgment.

In the public sector, innovators view AI as essential for overhauling antiquated systems and enhancing service delivery to cater to the varied needs of citizens. These viewpoints inform current dialogues on AI in governance, illustrating a nuanced equilibrium between optimism regarding its transformative benefits and apprehension over its wider ramifications. As AI advances, debates escalate over its capacity to potentially replace politicians.

AI's impact on societal structures

Consider Lord Londesborough, also known as Richard John Denison, who recently sounded an alarm in the UK's House of Lords regarding the growing influence of AI. His concerns focused on the potential rise of 'peerbots' intended to replace human members of the House of Lords. These advanced 'peerbots' are designed to emulate human behavior, especially in roles requiring interpersonal interaction, and can deliver speeches with a personalized style derived from careful analysis of parliamentary archives.

Lord Londesborough's concerns underscore AI's profound ability to redefine societal norms, akin to the transformative shifts witnessed during the digital revolution. Concurrently, a House of Lords report has underscored AI's potential to revolutionize sectors such as healthcare, public services, and democracy, while also highlighting persistent anxieties surrounding issues of transparency, bias, privacy, ethics, and misinformation.

The rise of AI in political engagement

In less than a year since Lord Londesborough's cautionary remarks, UK politics has witnessed a groundbreaking development with the emergence of AI Steve. Spearheaded by Steven Endacott, a Brighton-based entrepreneur and Independent candidate for Parliament, AI Steve signifies a departure from conventional political candidacy through active voter engagement and policy solicitation. Endacott sees this initiative as a bold step towards enhancing democratic transparency and accountability.

Motivated by disappointment with traditional political methods and a strong environmental advocacy, Endacott led the development of AI Steve through Neural Voice, a company under his leadership. AI Steve boasts the capability to manage up to 10,000 simultaneous conversations, seamlessly integrating extensive voter data. It analyzes interactions swiftly, presenting policy proposals to 'validators'—ordinary citizens who prioritize and endorse specific policies at a speed far exceeding traditional human counterparts.

Challenges and opportunities of AI in politics

Initial inquiries from the constituency have focused on pressing local matters like waste management. Endacott recognizes that he may occasionally differ in opinion from AI Steve, but he vows to respect the preferences of his constituents as conveyed through the AI. His objective is to actively involve voters in Brighton and Hove, using their input to shape policies that he will advocate in Parliament. Endacott pledges to align his voting decisions with AI Steve's recommendations, which are informed by constituent feedback, aiming to transform political participation and ensure that community voices play a direct role in legislative outcomes.

Citizens of the constituency can now engage with AI Steve through its campaign website's chatbot interface, discussing policy matters and influencing its agenda. Recent interactions highlight AI Steve's potential to bolster political transparency and efficiency by actively involving constituents, analyzing their feedback, and crafting policies that reflect public interests. Nonetheless, concerns persist regarding the reliability of AI-driven interactions, given potential biases and inaccuracies. However, Endacott proposes a collaborative model, positioning AI Steve as a "copilot" alongside human decision-makers. This campaign strategy involves a diverse group of "creators" who brainstorm policies and "validators" who refine them, ensuring that only the most viable ideas advance.

Representative democracy is obsolete

As AI becomes more integrated into politics, initiatives like AI Steve face intense scrutiny. However, for Endacott, AI Steve represents an experiment in integrating technology with democratic governance—a promising blueprint for future political engagement. Similar to how early computers of World War II couldn't anticipate today's advanced AI systems like ChatGPT, many today also struggle to fully grasp how innovations such as AI Steve will radically alter democracy in the future.

While AI has the capacity to potentially enhance governance by replacing politicians, parties, or even entire parliaments, skepticism remains about the timeline for these transformative changes. Yet, with AI and the internet empowering citizens to actively participate in shaping policies and programs, there's a utopian vision of democratic governance on the horizon—a future where every voice is heard, and decisions are informed by the collective wisdom of society. This potential evolution could render representative democracy obsolete, fostering a more inclusive, responsive, and equitable society.

 
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