During the Generation Z demonstrations on September 8–9, approximately 1,100 weapons were looted, including shotguns, pistols, revolvers, rifles, and gas guns. Thousands of rounds of ammunition and other security equipment were also stolen. Police records indicate that Kathmandu alone accounted for 1,017 looted weapons, though the actual number may be higher. Viral images and videos from the protests showed police stations being vandalized and set on fire, while weapons were taken. The demonstrations also involved forcing police to surrender and relinquish their uniforms and firearms. The Nepali Army has demanded the immediate return of all weapons and ammunition looted from security personnel during the protests. Following the unrest, the Directorate of Military and Public Relations issued a statement urging the return of looted weapons, ammunition, and other security materials. The army warned that misuse of these weapons could endanger the public and stressed that anyone found in possession of them would face legal action. Similarly, the Ministry of Home Affairs set a mid-October deadline for the voluntary return of weapons lost during the protests, promising recognition for compliance, while warning that anyone found holding weapons after the deadline would face legal consequences.
So far, around 300 looted weapons have been returned or recovered, some by the army, with a few individuals arrested by police along with pistols. However, more than 800 weapons remain missing, and authorities suspect many have fallen into the hands of criminal groups and drug traffickers. Recent arrests in Jhapa and Kailali indicate that looted arms have spread widely across the country. The Nepal Police have formed a committee to trace the missing weapons, but the widespread looting has created a dual problem: escalating security risks while leaving security personnel underarmed. In addition, over 5,500 prisoners who escaped during the Generation Z protests have not yet returned. Across 28 prisons nationwide, more than 14,500 prisoners fled during the unrest. This large number of fugitives has raised serious concerns about further crimes in local communities or beyond Nepal’s borders.
Some escapees are hiding in villages, while others may attempt to flee to neighbouring countries. Prisoners with criminal backgrounds also pose a high risk of recidivism. According to police reports, among the escapees, one committed a murder in India, another killed his wife, and one was involved in a khukuri (knife) attack. Many fugitives who have not completed their sentences remain a threat to public safety. From a security perspective, the looted weapons and escaped prisoners from the Generation Z protests have become critical challenges. Experts warn that if looted arms are used irresponsibly by criminal groups or in personal vendettas, they could fuel fear, unrest, and long-term insecurity. The government’s ongoing campaign to recover weapons must be strengthened, and public cooperation is vital to bring escaped prisoners back. Civic participation and collaboration among all stakeholders are crucial to prevent potential violence and anarchy. Any negligence in these efforts could have serious consequences, putting the lives of ordinary citizens at risk.