Globally, migration is a complex and multifaceted issue and its real benefit to the  countries exporting human capital as well as the host countries has become controversial, warranting deeper analysis. Social tensions, racism, intolerance, strain on resources, and challenges in integration for both migrants and host communities are on the rise.

Nepal’s total foreign trade declined Rs 36.69 billion in the first 10 months of the current Fiscal Year (FY) 2023/24. The records with the Department of Customs (DoC) show that Nepal’s total foreign trade stood at Rs 1.429 trillion during mid-July 2023 and mid-May 2024, down from Rs 1.466 trillion in the same period last year. The decline in the trade volume has been attributed to the ongoing economic slowdown of the landlocked country. The decline is also attributed to the decline in the consumption and investment in the country.