KATHMANDU, Sept 10: Suicide, the act of taking one’s own life using lethal means such as poison, weapons, or hanging, claims the lives of around 7,000 people in Nepal annually. Statistics from the last three fiscal years show an increasing trend:
FY 2021/22 – 6,830 suicides
FY 2022/23 – 6,993 suicides
FY 2023/24 – 7,221 suicides
The rising numbers highlight the growing concern. Most suicides last year were by hanging, accounting for 85 percent of the total cases, followed by:
Poisoning – 13 percent
Jumping – 0.7 percent
Drowning – 0.66 percent
Weapons – 0.25 percent
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Arson – 0.09 percent
Current – 0.01 percent
While women may experience suicidal thoughts more often, the number of men committing suicide is double that of women.
Why do people commit suicide?
Many factors contribute to suicide, but depression stands out as the leading cause, accounting for about 80 percent of cases. Recognizing depression early can prevent many suicides. The three main symptoms of depression are a lack of happiness, loss of interest in activities, and persistent fatigue. Additional symptoms include insomnia, loss of appetite, guilt, and low self-esteem.
Causes of depression:
1. Financial problems: Post-COVID, income loss, inability to repay loans, and managing household expenses have led to increased depression.
2. Family conflicts: Lack of communication between spouses or partners, fights, and relationship breakdowns can also trigger depression.
3. Serious illness: Conditions like stroke or cancer can lead to depression.
4. Unmet expectations: Failing in exams, jobs, or not receiving recognition can also cause depressive episodes.
Depression is also common in those suffering from schizophrenia, alcoholism, or antisocial personality disorders.
Signs of suicidal intent:
Statements like "I want to die" or "I will commit suicide" should never be ignored.
Isolation from family, anger over trivial issues, or frequent crying can indicate a deeper problem.
Social media posts expressing hopelessness on platforms like Facebook or TikTok should be taken seriously.
Recent trauma, such as the loss of a loved one or relocation, may also be warning signs.
Giving away personal belongings, apologizing for past events, searching online for ways to die, or not planning for the future are further red flags.
Can suicide be prevented?
Many suicides can be prevented if warning signs are recognized and addressed early. Consulting a psychiatrist for mental health treatment and counseling is crucial. Psychiatrists specialize in diagnosing and treating conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, and substance abuse. Therapy and medication can significantly improve a patient's mental well-being.
The Government of Nepal has established a toll-free helpline (1166), operated by Patan Mental Hospital, where individuals with suicidal thoughts can seek help.
The stigma surrounding mental illness often prevents people from seeking help, contributing to the rise in suicide cases. Families and friends must remain vigilant, initiate conversations, and connect those in need with counselors and mental health professionals immediately.
