KATHMANDU, Feb 28: Protein plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy body. Adequate protein consumption is key to health and vitality, whereas deficiency can cause various health problems. Protein deficiency is widespread among Nepalis, according to experts.
During a World Protein Day event on Thursday, nutritionists emphasized that protein deficiency is prevalent among Nepal's middle-class population and middle-aged individuals.
At the event, Rashmi Bajimaya, a nutritionist at Chirayu Hospital, explained that low protein intake in Nepal has contributed to a rise in sarcopenic obesity—a condition where excessive fat accumulates around the midsection. "This issue affects middle-aged individuals the most," she said.
She stated that people with this condition often develop chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and osteoporosis, which weaken bones and reduce mobility. They also experience bone degeneration and nerve compression. Consuming excessive protein causes kidney problems, and individuals with pre-existing high blood pressure may eventually suffer from kidney failure.
Bajimaya observed that protein deficiency affects Nepal's middle-class population the most. She attributed this to their neglect of protein-rich diets. Since Nepal's daily meals contain a high proportion of carbohydrates, she noted that obesity is more common among the middle class and middle-aged individuals.
Beginner’s guide to using protein
Nutritionist Nani Shova Shakya stated that Nepal's cultural practice of eating less meat or completely avoiding it, along with the growing trend of vegetarianism, has caused protein deficiency across all social groups.
She observed that malnourished children with stunted growth and individuals suffering from weakness often seek hospital treatment late. Even people from the upper class experience this issue. Shakya attributed the problem to a lack of awareness about balanced protein intake. Overall, both meat-eaters and vegetarians suffer from protein deficiency—some due to food scarcity and others due to limited awareness.
Experts highlight that protein plays a crucial role in both mental and muscle development. Nutritional standards recommend adjusting protein intake based on body weight.
Protein Requirement
A person requires 0.83 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight. By this calculation, an individual weighing 50 kg should consume 41 grams of protein daily. However, Nepal has struggled to implement this standard effectively.
International data shows that people in developed countries consume 42 kg of protein annually, while Nepalis consume only 21 kg of meat per year. Likewise, individuals in developed nations eat around 400 eggs per year, whereas Nepalis consume only 70. Due to this low intake, Nepal ranks 92nd among countries with the lowest egg consumption.
Dr Ashesh Bhattarai, who leads the US Soybean Export Council (USSEC) in Nepal, said that the country has recently become self-sufficient in producing protein-rich foods such as eggs, chicken, and milk. He pointed out that some people struggle to afford these foods, while others face issues due to a lack of knowledge about proper consumption, which leads to either excessive or insufficient protein intake.
Nutritionists say that eggs, fish, and meat are rich in protein, while vegetarian foods generally have lower protein levels. This makes vegetarians more likely to experience protein deficiency.
Since plant-based foods lack sufficient protein, people can include lentils, seeds, milk, yogurt, paneer, and tofu in their diets. Experts also recommend adding Kwati, a traditional mixed sprout soup, to regular meals to meet protein needs. "Sprouting Kwati slightly before consuming it ensures an adequate amount of protein," Dr. Bhattarai explained.
Internationally, people started observing World Protein Day years ago to reduce the chronic diseases caused by protein deficiency in the body.
This year, Nepal celebrated World Protein Day for the first time. On this occasion, representatives from protein-producing organizations, livestock businesses, and the Food and Quality Control Department highlighted that Nepal has achieved self-sufficiency in safe protein production and is following international standards in this field. They emphasized the importance of the Food and Quality Control Department monitoring meat production to ensure its safety.
Health and Population Minister Pradeep Paudel addressed the event, stating that collaboration among all sectors is essential for Nepal to address protein deficiency. He urged stakeholders to offer necessary suggestions. During the same session, the Ministry's spokesperson, Dr Prakash Budhathoki, emphasized the significant role of protein in promoting both physical and mental development.
