CHITWAN, Aug 12: The Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV) has been detected in poultry farms in Chitwan. The National Avian Disease Investigation Laboratory (NADIL) in Chitwan confirmed the disease after a three-month long study.
According to Dr. Bijay Kumar Shrestha, head of the NADIL, Chitwan, the disease has been observed in chickens in Chitwan and neighboring districts. Tests conducted using the ELISA method confirmed the virus in 33 percent of the 92 samples tested, amounting to 31 positive cases. The virus weakens the chickens’ immune system, making them vulnerable to other diseases.
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“Although no immediate visible effects are seen, the disease impacts production, leading to economic losses,” Dr. Shrestha said. Chickens infected with CAV may suffer from anemia, slow weight gain and reduced egg production. “Even if the chickens eat and move normally, the long-term effects should not be ignored,” he added.
The disease was first reported in Nepal two years ago in Kathmandu. To prevent CAV, vaccination is recommended for both breeder and layer parent stock, as well as chicks.
Samples from 16 districts including Chitwan are tested at the laboratory. In the last Fiscal Year (FY) 2024/25, the lab tested 7,000 chickens from 2,500 farmers. Among these, Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H9) was found in 48 cases, Newcastle Disease in 13, Gumboro in 122 and Infectious Bronchitis in two.
Additionally, 1,120 chicken livers were tested, detecting E. coli in 785 cases and Salmonella in 112. Dr. Shrestha said these infections are caused by poor biosecurity. He advised strict biosecurity measures when transporting food, water, medicine, bedding or eggs and recommended thorough disinfection of all visitors and vehicles entering farms.