Oli became District Committee Member of the party in 1971 and Chief of the Jhapa Movement Organizing Committee in 1972. He was arrested and imprisoned and put in the various jails and toxic cells for 14 consecutive years from 1973 to 1987. He was released from jail in 1987.
After becoming the Central Committee Member of the party in 1987, he was assigned the responsibility of In-charge for Lumbini Zone till April 1990. He was elected as standing committee member and chief of Foreign Department of CPN (UML) since 1992. He is the Founder President of the National Democratic Youth Federation of Nepal (DNYF).
He was elected as the Member of the Parliament in the House of Representatives from Jhapa district constituency no. 6 in 1991 and from Jhapa constituency no. 2 in 1999 as well. He served as Chief of the Department of Publicity in 1993 and Chief of the Investigation Commission constituted by CPN (UML) to investigate into the Dasdhunga Jeep Accident (May 16, 1993) for the inquiry on death of CPN (UML) the then General Secretary Madan Kumar Bhandari and party's Organization Department Chief Jeeb Raj Ashrit in May 1993.
Then after he, was the Presidium member of Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity Organization Nepal in 1994 and president of AAPSO since 2000. He served as the Minister of Home Affairs from 1994-1995 in the first communist government headed by Man Mohan Adhikari and as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs in Girija Prasad Koirala led government.
Newly elected Prime Minister Oli became the chair of the party UML from the 9th National Congress of the party and parliamentary party leader of the party after the second Constituent Assembly (CA) election.
Leader Oli represented Nepalese Parliament in the 87th Inter Parliamentary Union conference in Cameroon, Africa, 1992, apart from representing in the Presidential election observation in the United States of America in November 1992 as council member of IPU.
Besides visiting the People's Republic of China at the friendly invitation of Communist Party of China in April 1993, Oli also participated in 88th Inter Parliamentary Union Conference in Stockholm, Sweden, 1992. Oli also took part in sixth Nepal-Bhutan joint ministerial committee meeting, Thimpu, in April 17-19, 1995 followed by a friendship visit to the People's Republic of China organised and invited by the Communist Party of China in August-September, 1997. RSS
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